Article 361 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus

Article 361 punishes public calls for the seizure of power, for a change of the constitutional order by unconstitutional means, for treason, terrorism or other acts harming the "external security" of Belarus, and, since the 2021 amendments, calls for sanctions or other "restrictive measures" against the country. Part 1 provides for up to three years, Part 2 (through the media or internet) up to five, and Part 3 (repeat, or by a group) up to seven.

In the documented cases the "call" is typically a post or a comment during the 2020 protests urging people to strike or come out, a message supporting sanctions on Belarusian enterprises, or an interview with foreign media. The sanctions clause is unique in the region: it makes advocating the policy of foreign governments toward Belarus a crime for Belarusian citizens, and it is charged against economists, journalists and activists abroad as well as at home.